G

G for gateway

abbreviation / acronyms Term Definition
G giga Prefix for 10 power 9 (or, in IT parlance, 2 power 30)
G2C Government to Citizen Lagan's underlying platform for the Government CRM solution for contact centers and citizen self-service
GAIA GUI Application Interoperability Architecture GAIA is acronym of GUI Application Interoperability Architecture
GAMS General Algebraic Modeling System high-level modeling system for mathematical programming problems. The program itself consists of a language compiler and a group of integrated solvers.
GAP Groups, Algorithms and Programming A System for Computational Discrete Algebra, with particular emphasis on Computational Group Theory. http://www.gap-system.org/
GAPE Google Apps Premier Edition Google's web-based messaging and collaboration apps require no hardware or software and need minimal administration, creating tremendous time and cost savings for businesses. http://www.google.com/apps/intl/en/business/details.html
GARP Generic Address Resolution Protocol An IEEE standard for a generic method by which various devices (e.g., clients, servers, and bridges) can automatically disseminate attribute information across a bridged LAN. GARP is a Layer 2 (i.e. Data Link Layer) protocol used extensively in VLANs.
Gas GNU Assembler the default GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) back-end and is used to compile Linux and other operating systems such as the GNU operating system. It is a part of the GNU Binutils package. It runs and assembles on and for a number of different architectures.
gb Giga bit 1,024 megabits or 1 billion information bits.
GB Gigabyte Approximately 1 billion bytes of data (actually 1,073,741,824 bytes)
GBIC GigaBit Interface Converter A transceiver that converts between electrical and optical signals for high-speed networking
GBP group buffer pool A coupling facility cache structure that is used by a data sharing group to cache data and to ensure that the data is consistent for all members.
Gbps gigabits per second A measure of data transmission speed
GCC GNU Compiler Collection the free compiler that made the free Linux operating system possible. The GCC C/C++ language tools support the cross-compiler requirements for a number of target processors families and their variants.
GCD Grand Central Dispatch a technology for executing asynchronous tasks concurrently. GCD is available in Mac OS X v10.6 and later and is not available in iPhone OS.
GCG Grey Component Replacement A technique for replacing all the neutral tones of an image with an appropriate amount of black.
GCGID graphic character global identifier A 4- to 8-character alphanumeric identifier assigned to a registered graphic character. Each graphic character that is to be assigned a code point must have a GCGID.
GCI General Communication Inc. a telecommunications corporation operating in Alaska http://www.gci.com/
GD&T geometric dimensioning and tolerancing a symbolic language used on engineering drawings and computer generated three-dimensional solid models (CAD) for explicitly describing nominal geometry and its allowable variation.
GDB GNU debugger GNU debugger
GDI Graphics Device Interface GDI provides a common set of drawing routines (including both text and graphics). The GDI can be used to draw to most devices, such as screens, printers, plotters or bitmap images. Central to the GDI is the concept of a Device Context (DC) which is a handle to the specific device to be written to.
GDM global
delivery model
the model of applications testing services
GDP Gateway Discovery Protocol Gateway Discovery Protocol
GDPS Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex An application that integrates Parallel Sysplex technology and remote copy technology to enhance application availability and improve disaster recovery.
GDS Global data synchronization consists of technology and applications used to
receive, approve and manage product, price, forecast, promotion and contract data from suppliers via the GDSN, in support of standards from the Global Commerce Initiative.
GDSN Global Data Synchronization Network Global Data Synchronization Network
GDTs Global data types The enterprise service interface is defined based on standard
data types, and GDTs are the basic data building blocks.
GEAR Gigabyte Enhanced Agp Riser Used to provide AGP support for PCI-E motherboards
GEDCOM GEnealogical Data COMmunication A common file format used to exchange computerized genealogical data between different genealogy programs.
GEMMS Global Enterprise Manufacturing Management System A process manufacturing product once offered by Datalogix (which was acquired by Oracle in 1997).
GEnie General Electric Network for Information Exchange An online service from GE Information Services, with news, sports, business, computer technical support, games, software downloads, reference services, chat, bulletin boards, email, and fax.
GEO / GEOS Geo-Stationary Earth Orbit System A system that communicates with satellites in geosynchronous orbit some 22,300 miles above the earth.
GEOS graphic environment operating system a lightweight OS with a GUI. It runs on several different processors, including the 65xx, the x86 and numerous different PDAs, embedded devices, and hand-held machines.
GERAN GSM(GPRS)/EDGE Radio Access Network the 3GPP standards for GSM(GPRS)/EDGE radio access, which has been specified to connect the A, Gb and Iu interfaces to the CN (Core Network). The architecture allows two BSS (Base Station Subsystem) to be connected to each other.
gfortran GNU Fortran compiler GNU Fortran compiler is part of the GNU compiler collection. http://gcc.gnu.org/fortran/
GFP Generic Framing Procedure a multiplexing technique defined by ITU-T G.7041. This allows mapping of variable length, higher-layer client signals over a transport network like SDH/SONET.
GFS Grandfather, Father, Son Backup methodology
GGP Gateway-gateway protocol protocol on the Internet.
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node a gateway from a cellular network to an IP network that allows mobile cell phone users to access the public data network (PDN) or specified private IP networks.
GHC Glasgow Haskell Compiler also known as Glorious Haskell Compiler, is an open source native code compiler for the functional programming language Haskell which was developed at the University of Glasgow.
Ghost General Hardware-Oriented Software Transfer a disk cloning program, originally produced by Binary Research, but purchased by Symantec in 1998.
GIAC Global Information Assurance Certification Certification programs designed to serve the people who are or will be responsible for managing and protecting important information systems and networks. See also http://www.giac.org/
GiB / gib gibibyte 1,073,741, 824 bytes. 1024 mebibytes.
GID group identification number A 4 byte, unsigned integer (GID) that is used to identify a group profile.
GIF Graphic Interchange Format A common format for image files, especially suitable for images containing large areas of the same color. GIF format files of simple images are often smaller than the same file would be if stored in JPEG format, but GIF format does not store photographic images as well as JPEG.
GIFT GNU Image Finding Tool a Content Based Image Retrieval System (CBIRS). The GIFT is based on Viper, the result of a research effort at the Vision Group at the computer science center of the University of Geneva. The GIFT is an open framework for content-based image retrieval. It is designed to accommodate new ways of querying the framework.
GIGO Garbage In, Garbage Out.

It means that if invalid data is entered in a computer program, the resulting output will also be invalid. So if a program asked you to enter a letter of the alphabet and you decided to be funny and enter "3.14159", there's a good chance the results you would get back would be pretty messed up, or "garbage." Because we computer users aren't always smart enough to enter valid data, programmers have to take extensive mesaures to prevent GIGO errors.

GIMP Gnu Image Manipulation Program Freely distributed piece of software suitable for such tasks as photo retouching, image composition and image authoring. See www.gimp.org
GINA Graphical Identification and Authentication the subsystem that handles the logon presentation to the user. The Microsoft GINA is represented by the logon screen that pops up on the PC when the user presses Ctrl+Alt+Delete.
GINI Gateway Interface for Network Initialization A process on large Enterprise systems to set up an entire network from another network.
GIOP General Inter-ORB Protocol A protocol that Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) uses to define the format of messages.
GIS

Geographical Information System

A computer application involving maps and the storage and manipulation of data associated with them.

GIX Global Internet eXchange A routing exchange point that helps networks all over the world to connect to the Internet.
GKTMP Gatekeeper Transaction Message Protocol A proprietary Cisco protocol used for communication between the Cisco IOS Gatekeeper and external applications.
GLA Generic Log Adapter A tool that allows generic data collection from multiple heterogeneous data sources by converting individual records and events into the Common Base Event format.
GLB / GLBA Gramm-Leach-Bliley (Act) covers the financial services industry, basically defining financial institutions as depository institutions and their holding companies, security firms and broker/dealers.
GLONASS Global Navigational Satellite System A satellite-based geographic-location system run by the Russian government.
GLPK GNU Linear Programming Kit a software package intended for solving large-scale linear programming (LP), mixed integer programming (MIP), and other related problems.
GLUT openGL Utility Toolkit a window system independent toolkit for writing OpenGL programs. It implements a simple windowing API for OpenGL
GMA Gmail Drive A free shell namespace extension ("add-on") for Microsoft Windows Explorer, makes it possible to create a new network share on the workstation. In order to use this add-on, you need a Gmail account from Google Gmail.
GMM GPRS Mobility Management a GPRS signaling protocol that handles mobility issues such as roaming, authentication, and selection of encryption algorithms.
GMR Giant Magneto Resistance A technology for a read/write head which uses thin film layers to get a greater change in resistance, and is more sensitive than MR (Magneto Resistance).
GMRP Garp Multicast Registration Protocol It allows a device to declare membership of a Layer 2 multicast group
GMRS General Mobile Radio Service GMRS has been transformed from the now antiquated Class A section of the Citizens Radio Service to the personal radio service available for conducting an individual's personal and family communications.
GMS

connet generalized main scheduling

connet General MIDI Standard

connet Global Messaging Service

connet Google Message Security

connet A set of algorithms that allow the system programmer to tailor job scheduling and selection to the specific needs of the installation.

connet A standard designation of specific instruments to specific MIDI patch locations, so that a composition produced on one system will sound the same when played on another

connet Novell service.

connet Google services that protect your email from spam and viruses and set email policies to stay compliant. www.google.com/postini/

GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying a modulation technique involving Gaussian filtering of the input data prior to its application to the phase modulator.
GMX Global Mail eXchange, in Germany: Global Message eXchange GMX Mail is a German-based free webmail service provided by GMX.http://www.gmx.com/
GNAT GNU NYU Ada Translator the GNU Ada Compiler based on GNU Compiler Collection (GCC). The front-end and runtime are written in Ada, and are licensed using the General Public License.
GNN Global Network Navigator A collection of free services on the Internet, including The Whole Internet Catalog, the Internet Help Desk, and NetNews.
GNOME GNU Network Object Model Environment the most popular graphical desktop environment for Linux, based on the X WINDOW SYSTEM and similar in look and feel to Windows 95 and 2000
GNSO Generic Names Supporting Organization

ICANN Supporting Organization responsible for developing policy for the DNS

gnso.icann.org

GNU GNU's not Unix An ongoing project by the Free Software Foundation to create a free, freely distributable, set of UNIX like utilities.

Relevant links:

GOCA Graphic Object Content Architecture An architecture that provides a collection of graphics values and control structures used to interchange and present graphics data.
GOLC Growth Opportunity License Charge An IBM software pricing program.
GOMS Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules a kind of specialized human information processor model for human computer interaction observation.
GOPS Giga (billion) Operations Per Second A unit of measurement of computing speed.
GOS Grade of Service a measure of the success a subscriber is expected to have in accessing a network to complete a call.
GOSIP Government OSI Profile A standard issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. GOSIP specifies the details of an interoperable OSI configuration for networking products procured by the U.S. government.
GOW Gears of War

God of War

Gears of War is a military science fiction third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios. http://www.gearsofwar.com/

God of War is an action adventure video game for the PlayStation 2 first released by Sony Computer Entertainment's Santa Monica division in March 2005. http://www.godofwar.com/

GPF General Protection Fault an error that arises in Microsoft Windows when a program tries to access a location in memory that is not allocated to it. GPFs are usually caused by programming errors such as uninitialized pointers.
GPL General Public License Normally taken to the mean the GNU GPL. A license statement from GNU, used on most of their software and on many free software packages from other sources.

www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html - Full text of the GNU General Public License.

GPIO general-purpose I/O Customizable input/output pins on a microcontroller.
GPO Group Policy Object In the Windows 2000 operating system, a GPO is a collection of settings that define what a system will look like and how it will behave for a defined group of users. Microsoft provides a program snap-in that allows you to use the Group Policy MMC.
GPRS

general packet radio service

GPRS is a packet-oriented overlay to GSM networks supporting connection- and connectionless-oriented services and diverse quality-of-service mechanisms. The theoretical maximum speed is 171.2 Kbps, but real-life user throughput is expected to be 56 Kbps or less.

GPS

connet Global Positioning System

connet GNAT Programming Studio

connet a satellite navigation system used to determine ground position and velocity (location, speed, and direction). Though it was created and originally used by the U.S. military, GPS is now available to the general public all over the world.

connet a free multi-language IDE for GNU/Linux, MS Windows and Solaris/Sparc. GPS uses GTK+ as graphical user interface.

GPSL General Purpose Scripting Language General Purpose Scripting Language
GPSS General Purpose Simulation System A powerful general purpose simulator which provides a wide range of capacities for discrete system modeling.
GPU Graphics Processing Unit Like the CPU (Central Processing Unit), it is a single-chip processor. However, the GPU is used primarily for computing 3D functions.
GPWW group practice without walls An umbrella organization for a group of independent physician practices that performs certain business operations, such as technology procurement.
GRC governance, risk and compliance GRC reflects a new way in which organizations can adopt an integrated approach to these three areas.
GRCM GRC management the management, measurement and reporting of IT controls, and the distribution and attestation of policies, compliance reporting and risk assessment.
GRC.SQ Governance, Risk Management, Compliance, Security, and Data Quality used often by Data Governance and Data Quality programs to acknowledge the interdependencies of these five disciplines in managing data.
GRE generic routing encapsulation Tunneling protocol developed by Cisco that can encapsulate a wide variety of protocol packet types inside IP tunnels, creating a virtual point-to-point link to Cisco routers at remote points over an IP internetwork.
grep global-regular-expression-print a UNIX utility that allows the user to search one or more files for a specific string of text and outputs all the lines that contain the string.
GROW GNU Remote Operations Web An architecture for building networked applications and services using WWW.
GRT Granular Recovery Technology a single-pass backup while maintaining full DR and individual email, folder or mailbox restores
GSAM generalized sequential access method A database access method that allows batch application programs to access a sequential data set record that is defined as a database record.
GSC Gecko System Connect a bus used in many of the HP 9000 workstations and servers. The GSC bus was 32-bit and reached 40MHz in its final iterations.
GSI Gigascale Integration Gigascale integration is a long-term goal of making chips with billions of components on them.
GSK Global Security Kit A toolkit for managing digital certificates used in implementing Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) security.
GSM

Global System for Mobile communication

Acronym for the digital cellular radio system based on pan-European specifications. Originally stood for Groupe Speciale Mobile, now Global System for Mobile communication.

GSO global sign-on A flexible single sign-on solution that enables the user to provide alternative user names and passwords to the back-end Web application server.
GSR Gigabit Switch Router A family of router products from Cisco Systems.
GTL Gunning Transceiver Logic A low-power standard for electrical signals used in CMOS circuits which allows for low electromagnetic interference at high speeds of transfer.
GTM

connet global trade management

connet Global Traffic Manager

connet the processes and technologies used to support the unique logistical, regulatory, and fnancial aspects of the import and export processes.

connet F5 product to perform geography-based datacenter traffic management

GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol protocol used by the GPRS backbone network for packet switching. GTP is a protocol defined on both the Gn and Gp interfaces between GSNs in a GPRS network.
GTS Generic Traffic Shaping A mechanism to control the traffic flow on a particular interface.
GTT Global Title Translation GTT is a process that allows dialed digits to be translated into a network node address and an application address. The process is performed in the SS7 network by the STP.
GUA graphical user authentication A graphical password is an authentication system that works by having the user select from images, in a specific order, presented in a GUI.
GUI

Graphical User Interface

Pronounced goo-ee. A pictorial 'front end' program to simplify the operation of computers like the IBM PC and the Apple Macintosh. Documents are stored in pictures ('icons') of drawers or filing cabinets (which represent files or directories in disk drives).

GUID Globally Unique Identifier a 128-bit number used by Microsoft WINDOWS to identify a user, software component, or other entity. GUIDs are most often written as groups of hexadecimal digits in braces.
GUTBN Globally Unique Time Based Number applies to a "code" that is unique in all the world. Globally unique time based numbers are globally unique identifiers (GUID) that you can create by yourself and that are registered for you.
GVN Global value numbering compiler optimization based on the SSA intermediate representation. It sometimes helps eliminate redundant code that common subexpression evaluation (CSE) does not.
GVPN Global Virtual Network Service Global Virtual Network Service is a multi-network international service proposed by the ITU. GVNS allows service providers to offer subscribing customers a service with features and functionality similar to that of a private network without requiring the customers to purchase and manage the networks.
GVRP Generic VLAN Resolution Protocol a GARP application that provides registration services in a VLAN context.
GVU Graphic, Visualization, and Usability Graphic, Visualization, and Usability
GWEN Ground Wave Emergency Network communications system that the US military constructs. It operates in a very-low-frequency range, with transmissions between 150 and 175 kHz.
GWT Google Web Toolkit Open source Java software development framework that makes writing AJAX applications like Google Maps and Gmail easy for developers who don't speak browser quirks as a second language
GXA Global XML Web Services Architecture an announcement by Microsoft in 2002 of several proposals for extensions to SOAP. Some of the components of GXA were developed into standards in combination with other companies, including IBM.
GXS Global
eXchange Services
delivers global B2B e-commerce integration solutions www.gxs.com
gzip GNU zip a GNU free software file compression program. It was created by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler. gzip is based on the DEFLATE algorithm, which is a combination of LZ77 and Huffman coding.
  G.7xx A series of ITU standards for voice and data communications. e.g. G.703: Specifications for plesiochronous digital hierarchy
  gain Gain refers to the ratio of the output amplitude of a signal to the input amplitude of a signal. This ratio typically is expressed in dBs.
  gamma The curve that describes how the middle tones of your images appear. Often incorrectly referred to as "brightness" and/or "contrast", gamma is a non-linear function. Changing the value of the gamma affects middle tones while leaving the white and black of the image alone. Used to compensate for differences between Macintosh and PC monitors.
  gateway

connet A hardware or software set-up that translates between two dissimilar protocols

connet A link from one computer system to a different computer system.

  Gesture Recognition involves determining the movement of a user's fingers, hands, arms, head or body in three dimensions through the use of a camera; or via a device with embedded sensors that may be worn, held or body-mounted.
  Ghost site a Web site that remains live but is no longer updated or maintained or only done so very infrequently.
  Go Daddy Go Daddy is an Internet domain registrar and Web hosting company that also sells e-business related software and services. http://www.godaddy.com/
  googling searching through the Google search engine
  Googol 1 googol = 10 raised to the power 100. The number was named in 1983 by Milton Sirotta after his uncle (the mathematician Edward Kasner) asked him to think up a name for the number. The search engine Google is rumoured to be named as a play on the word Googol.
  Gopher A consistent user interface and gateway into many on-line white pages and other address databases.
  green IT Technology assets, services, and operational best practices that allow organizations to reduce harmful environmental impacts while at the same time achieving their financial and risk imperatives within and outside of IT.
  Grid computing applying the resources of many computers in a network to a single problem at the same time - usually to a scientific or technical problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or access to large amounts of data.
  groupware
Software tools and technology to support groups of people working together on a project, often at different sites